VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)

VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a Cisco Own  protocol , Virtual Local Area Networks on the  local area network. Transfer VLAN information to  the connected switches in a VTP  advertisements sent over ISL, 802.1q, IEEE 802.10 and LANE trunks. VTP is Available on most domain of the Cisco Catalyst Family products.

Three Types:

1)Client mode : In this mode dont add and remove Vlan. It has no dabase means dont save.

2)Trnsperent mode :In this mode we add and remove vlan but only localy not in domain. It has save vlan only locally not in domain.

3)server mode :In this mode add and delete vlan in VTP domain. And also save vlan in domain.

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Assigning a trunk port to Switch & Router in beetween.

Assigning a trunk port to Switch & Router in beetween.

here we configured 0/2 as trunk port. in inter vlan routing talking, there are
 some encapsulation methods. no 1. is 802.1Q or dot1q  and 2 is ISL it's Ciso proprietary
  only for Cisco devices while  802.1Q or dot1q  for supports
    the multi-vendor encapsulation method.

here we taken cisco 2950 switch that  support dot1q Encapsulation method

Next is to define the native VLAN and if you want to, you can define which
VLANs are allowed to cross that trunk port, See below command

C2950 (config-if)# switchport trunk native vlan 2
C2950 (config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan add  2, 3, 4, 5

 Assign Switch ports to Vlan by command

C2950 (config)# interface fa0/2
C2950 (config-if)# switchport mode access
C2950 (config-if)# switchport access vlan 2

      we can assign switch port individual
like this,when they are not in sequential order
C2950 (config)# interface range fa0/1 - 5, fa0/1 - 15, fa0/24

their is another way when more than one ports we want to assign the same vlan the ,fallowing comming
the command syntax is  "interface first port no-last port no ".

C2950 (config)# interface range fa0/2 - 6
C2950 (config-if-range)# switchport mode access
C2950 (config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 2

Assign switch port 0/6 to 0/12 to vlan 3

C2950 (config)# interface range fa0/6 - 12
C2950 (config-if-range)# switchport mode access
C2950 (config-if-range)# switchport access vlan 3

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InterVLAN routing Configuration

 InterVLAN routing Configuration

configuration they will talk or tranfrer data connected to all devices in same switch or in network.

but when in switch we create vlan then divided in to subdomain or subnetworks so without any 

By defaultin swithc there are one vlan and it's all ports are in same vlan so without any 

layer three device two diffrent vlant can not tranfer information or talk each other also they cant 

transfer information in other network.thay only can talk or transfer information which is in 

same vlan or same sub twork.

here we r doing inter vlan routing.Configuration of router for interVLAN routing 

   for when we wannt to talk 2 different vlan in network then intervlan routing is needed.

 appropriate VLANs back through the same line.

the packet goes to router first and the router will route the packets to the

For now lets configure the router to do interVLAN routing.

here we have cisco 2600 series router.it's have by default 2 ethernet interface

so we can connect through that port to our cisco switch.in on that port we devided in to

 sub interfaces  ,each interface for each vlan sapretely.we will give also sapret ip addresses 

to each interface,there are no need to give ip address on main interface .

  subinter face is  one port can be logically devided into many sub interfaces.

Each sub interface will handle one VLAN/subnet.

here we need to assign VLAN first on the sub interface, after that give IP 

address .no need to give IP address to main interface ethernet 0/0 but do not forget to give 

command no shut , the sub interfaces will automatically apply the same no shutdown.

here's how we configure them:

router> enable

router2600# configure terminal

router 2600(config)# interface ethernet0/0

router 2600(config-if)# no ip address

router 2600(config-if)# no shutdown

router 2600(config-if)# interface ethernet0/0.1

router 2600(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 2

router 2600(config-subif)# ip address 10.100.2.1 255.255.255.0

router 2600(config-subif)# interface ethernet0/1.2

router 2600(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 3

router2600 (config-subif)# ip address 10.100.4.1 255.255.255.0

router 2600(config-subif)# interface ethernet0/1.3

router 2600(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 4

router 2600(config-subif)# ip address 10.100.6.1 255.255.255.0

router 2600(config-subif)# interface ethernet0/1.5

router 2600(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 5

router 2600 (config-subif)# ip address 10.100.8.1 255.255.255.0

router 2600 (config-subif)#exit

router 2600 (config-t#exit

router 2600#wr

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Now Assigning a trunk port to Switch & Router in beetween.

To configure the trunk port to connect to the router and for accessing Data,

The trunk is needed to carry all VLANs or selected VLANs Data trafrering 

beetween all switches connected with the same networks.here we configure the 

FastEthernet port 0/2 of switch 2950 to routere's fa0/0 as a trunk  port & Trunk

 link that connects Each other.

C2950> enable
C2950# configure terminal
C2950 (config)# interface fa0/2
C2950 (config-if)# switchport mode trunk

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Creating Vlan With Cisco 2950

In Networking the term Vlan,it's a  Broadcast domain we all know wht is the use of vlan.now i here i give below how to configure & vlan and intervlan routing labs.here i taken on cisco 2950.it's managable switch,now, in switch we assume that it's initially configured like,vty terminal ,line consol 0 end .so now  here,we create some vlan here. Managment,sells,marketing and it.

C2950> enable
C2950# configure terminal
C2950 (config)# vlan 2
C2950 (config-vlan)# name MANAGEMENT
C2950 (config-vlan)# vlan 3
C2950 (config-vlan)# name sells
C2950 (config-vlan)# vlan 4
C2950 (config-vlan)# name Marketing
C2950 (config-vlan)# vlan 5
C2950 (config-vlan)# name it

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Vtp

VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol , Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN) on the whole local area network. To do this, VTP carries VLAN information to all the switches in a VTP  advertisements sent over ISL, 802.1q, IEEE 802.10 and LANE trunks. VTP is Exist  on most domain of the Cisco Catalyst Family products.

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Vlan Trunking protocole.

Vtp is Vlan Trunkng protocol,it's cisco propritery protocole,with use  of that protole we can add ,delete & edit Vlan in the switch ,when we have more than one switch in our network then ,with use of vtp protocol we can assign VTP on switch in Diffrent mode.

  There are three basic mode of VTP.

1.server mode :- in server mode you can ADD,Edit & delete vlan.

2.Transperent mode:- in  Transparent  switches do not participate in VTP does not advertise & synchronize its VLAN configuration based on received advertisements, but transparent switches do forward VTP advertisements that they receive out their trunk ports in VTP Version 2

3.Client mode :-in Client mode user can not add ,edit & delete Vlan,in this mode switch just accept advertise ment from server mode switch & set it.

 

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Vlan Steps & Configuration

 Vlan is very good funda,with the use of vlan we can give sequiry to our lan,with the use  of vlan we can provide sequre our switch port that are in same switch,

in vlan once you create vlan by command ,so once you created Vlan, then you  have to apply that vlan on the switch port,factory default vlan1 & all port in vlan1,when you apply your created vlan to any port then that port can not connect with default Vlan port. this is main in Vlan.only that port transfer data which are in same vlan.

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